An orthodontic consultation for a child allows us to assess jaw growth, dental development, available space and relevant functions. It does not mean that treatment must begin immediately.

In many situations, regular monitoring is sufficient. When early treatment is indicated, it should have a clear purpose and form part of a longer-term view.

Care may address:

During the teenage years, many orthodontic movements can be carried out while growth continues. Fixed braces and clear aligners may both be considered depending on the situation.

The decision takes account of:

Orthodontic treatment can be considered in adulthood to improve dental alignment or the bite, or to prepare for restorative, periodontal or surgical care.

The assessment considers dental and gum health, previous treatment and the patient's goals. In complex situations, the plan may be coordinated with the general dentist or other specialists.

Options may include clear aligners or fixed braces, depending on the movements required and individual priorities.

Clear aligners are removable transparent trays manufactured according to a digital treatment plan. They can be suitable for many situations, but they are not automatically the best choice for every patient.

Successful treatment depends on:

Fixed braces use brackets connected by an orthodontic archwire to guide the teeth progressively. They can treat a wide range of orthodontic situations and do not rely on the patient removing and replacing the appliance each day.

Careful hygiene and some dietary adjustments are necessary. The team explains how to clean the teeth and appliance, which foods to avoid, and what to do if part of the appliance causes discomfort or becomes damaged.

For some children, maxillary expansion or interceptive treatment may be recommended to support arch development or address a specific bite problem.

When an appliance requires activation at home, parents receive a clear demonstration and precise instructions. Expected sensations, maintenance and signs that should prompt contact with the clinic are explained before treatment begins.

Some situations require particular attention to the bite, temporomandibular joints or coordination between different clinical disciplines.

Depending on the context, Dr Cristina may recommend a functional assessment, further examinations or coordination with a dentist, maxillofacial surgeon, physiotherapist or another healthcare professional.

An occlusal splint or orthodontic treatment is proposed only after its indication and limitations have been assessed.

Snoring and sleep apnoea require appropriate medical assessment. In certain diagnosed situations, a mandibular advancement device may be considered as part of coordinated care.

The orthodontic consultation assesses oral, dental and functional conditions relevant to this type of device. It does not replace diagnosis by a sleep physician.

Aligners offer discretion and removability. Fixed braces offer control and versatility without relying on daily wear time. The best choice is the one capable of achieving the required movements while fitting the clinical situation and the patient's ability to follow instructions.

The consultation compares these options using practical criteria, rather than appearance alone.